Rosecrans

History of Major General William Starke Rosecrans "His name is a peculiar one, and has been variously written and pronounced. The correct spelling, as given above (Rosecrans), is the same as it has always been, and the proper, though not the popular, pronunciation is "Rosakrontz." Ro Sa Krontz Annals of the Army of the Cumberland, page 9, by "An Officer" J.B. Lippincott & Co., Philadelphia 1863.
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			Childhood and Genealogy Education and Religion Marriage and Family Scientist and Inventor Military Career Battle of Rich Mountain Battle of Corinth Battle of Stones River Tullahoma Operation Battle of Chickamauga Political Career Mexico 1868 Life in California San Diego Gardenia, Los Angeles Mining Career Railroad Entrepreneur Society of the Cumberland Death, Burial and Monuments
	Historical Collections of Ohio in Two Volume by Henry Howe, LL.D.s from Volume I, pages 559-563
						Photo by Mathew B. Brady from the Library of Congress
						*Rosecrans' Headquarters at Clarksburg*
The Edge of Glory by William Mathias Lamars, is a well written biography of William Starke Rosecrans. The Charles Young Research Library at UCLA has the research papers used by Lamars to write the biography. Copies of Edge of Glory are available for purchase in the Myers Inn Museum Gift Shop
*Cartes de Visite*	Rosecrans Names Army of the Cumberland from Internet Achives


Rosecrans' Childhood Dr. Daniel and Thankful (Wilcox) Rosecrans and 4 sons (Nathaniel, Jacob, Perelemas and Crandall) and two daughters settled on the Little Walnut Creek in Kingston Township in 1809. They had four more children. He was Kingston's first Justice of the Peace Moved to Taylor Run in 1813 Crandall Hopkins, born 8-6-1794 in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania married Jemima Hopkins (daughter of Timothy Hopkins, a relative of Stephen Hopkins who signed the Declaration of Independence) Lived on 160 acres next to his father on Taylor Run Children: Chauncey Rosecrans, born 1817 died an infant William Starke Rosecrans, born 1819 on Taylor Run Crandall moved the family to Burlington in Licking County (became Homer, Ohio), to be near his uncle Crandall Wilcox. Charles Wesley Rosecrans born in 1822 became a farmer in Lafayette, Keokuk County, Iowa married Mary who died Jan 1, 1861. age 29y 9m Mary buried in Pleasant Grove Cemetery Charles died May 26, 1865 - buried in Pleasant Grove Cemetery Henry Crandall Rosecrans, born 1824 1847 volunteered in Mexican War, in mounted unit served 15 months under General Taylor received Iowa land warrant August 22, 1849 married Elizabeth Dickey b 10-24-1823 died May 3, 1913, buried in St. Mary's, at Lincoln, in Mahaska County Iowa September 1, 1849 left wife in Ohio went on horseback to Washington County, Iowa to claim land with uncle Judge Marmaduke P. Rosecrans - staked claim Spring 1850 went on to California looking for gold 1857 returned to wife in Ohio Moved to Iowa Had 6 children: Ada, Nola, Wellena, Mena Oveda, Adrien Dickey, William Joseph, and Henry Sylvester Died January 21, 1924, buried in Sylvester Horton Rosecrans, born 1827 Three years in Kenyon College In summer of 1846 baptized Roman Catholic near West Point William was his god-father, Anne, his god-mother Went the last year to St. John's College a Catholic university in New York - finished in April 1847 Went to Rome, graduated D.D. from Propaganda in Rome in September 1851 Ordained in Rome Bishop in the Cincinnati Dioceses President of Mt. St. Mary's Seminary in Cincinnati Very influential in the education of William's children First Bishop of Columbus See in Became Arch Bishop of the Columbus Dioceses Built St. Joseph's Cathedral in Columbus the General helped with the architectural plans Suffered a lung hemorrhage the day of the dedication of St Joseph's Died the following day, October 22, 1878 He was buried in St. Joseph's crypt
see General Rosecrans' Monument in Kingston Township Plaque and Home in Homer, Ohio by Suzanne Allen Rosecran's Home in Homer and Genealogy published in Catholic Record Society, Bulletin by Diocese of Columbus, Vol. VII, #3, March 1981 See General Rosecrans on BigWalnutHistory.org including the book by Allen Rosenkranz site maintained by Jim Rosenkrans Faces of William Starke Rosecrans in Cartes de Vistis

Education and Religion
		William Starke Rosecrans as West Point Cadet Considered a studious Ohioan assisted roommate James Longstreet with classwork from General James Longstreet: the Confederacy's most controversial soldier by Jeffry D. Wert available online at Google Books
Infant Rosecrans Baptized by Wesleyan Methodist Minister William Baptism in Roman Catholic Church in 1841 Sylvester Baptized in 1846 Dec. 11, 1886 Dear Father Mulhane: Bishop Rosecrans was baptized at Cold Spring on the North River opposite West Point, N.Y, by the Rev. Dr. Villani, pastor of the Catholic Church at that place, and in charge of the station at the Post of West Point, in the summer of 1846. I was his godfather and my wife his godmother. I do not remember whether it was sub conditione. My baptism in 1841 was sub conditione, because it was a vague tradition that in my early infancy a Protestant or Wesleyan Methodist minister at my grandmother's instance had baptized me, following the traditional ritual of the church of England in so doing. Yours most truly, W S. Rosecrans from Bishop Sylvester Horton Rosecrans, the General's Brother Granville Historical Society's Historical Times, Vol 15, Issue 3, Summer of 2001 Bishop Sylvester Rosecrans The twentieth century biographical dictionary of notable Americans ... available online at Google Books Death of Bishop Rosecrans; The Excitement Following Consecration Ceremonies Causing a Fatal Attack of Hemorrhage Dispatch to New Your Times October 22, 1878
Religion and the Battlefield Shield and Hiding Place: The Religious Life of the Civil War Armies by Gardiner H. Shattuck available online at Google Books The General’s Priest by Joe Meyer for TOCWOC - a Civil War Blog General Milo Hascall's Disapproval of Rosecrans' Religious Views Murfreesboro Post, May 10, 2009

Anne Hegerman Rosecrans, daughter of Judge Adrian and Elizabeth Hegerman of New York, a descendant of Adriaen Hegerman, born 1624 in the Holland and came to New Amsterdam in 1652. He bought 2 acres of Midwout (Flatbush) which became part of Brooklyn. He was a silk trader and his wife Catarina Margits *was the daughter of a diamond cutter*
	Rosecrans' Family William S. Rosecrans married Anne Hegerman August 24, 1843 in St Paul's Episcopal Chapel, New York Children: William S. Rosecrans, born 1845, died an infant at West Point James Addison Rosecrans, born between 1845-50 Adrian Louis Rosecrans born May 28, 1849 in Newport, R. I. Educated at Mt. St. Mary's College in Cincinnati and at Notre Dame Worked with his father at a mine company near Stockton, CA In 1867, his spiritual reading so affected his life he moved to New York City and entered the Paulists. His classmates were Walter Elliott (a Union veteran), Thomas Verney Robinson (a Confederate veteran), Augustus Brady, and Algernon Brown (a recent arrival from England). Father Rosecrans was ordained a Paulist priest, May 25, 1872. Never a healthy man, the rigors of missions took a toll on his health, he contacted malaria in May 1874. Father Adrian regained his health enough go on the 1874-75 mission to California with Deshon, a friend of his father's from West Point days Father Adrian was a gifted writer and an articulate speaker. In 1875, he fell ill again, retired from mission work and began to write for The Catholic World Had started a biography of the General but did not finish it Father Adrian's health continued to decline, he died at the home of Thomas O'Connor. Thomas' son Charles sold his Lake George estate to the Paulists and was the attorney for Confederate President Jefferson Davis when he was tried for treason Four years after is ordination, Father Adrian died at the age of 26. His uncle, Bishop Rosecrans, gave his Requiem Mass in St. Paul's Church in New York. He is buried in St. Patrick's in New York. Father Adrian Louis Rosecrans Mary Louise Rosecrans, b 1851 in Newport, R.I. became Sister St. Charlene of the Brown County Ohio Ursulines died in 1877 of tuberculosis Lily (Elizabeth) Rosecrans, born April 21, 1854 in Cincinnati, Ohio married Montana Governor Joseph Kemp Toole 1890 he died March 11, 1929 in Helena, Resurrection Cemetery mother of: Rosecrans Toole, born 1891 Edwin Warren Toole, born 1893 Joseph Porter Toole, born 1896 Lily died November 29th 1939 in Los Angeles, CA Anita Dolores Rosecrans (Anna), born July 1857 in Wheeling, (West) Virginia became an Usulite nun, health failed and ask to be released from vows lived with her father after her mother died after father died she became the secretary for her brother-in-law the governor of Montana authored children's books, unfinished biography of General W. S. Rosecrans died February 19, 1903, in Montana Montana house and senate closed for her funeral Carl Frederick Rosecrans, b 1861 in Cincinnati, married Lillian S. father of: Carmelita Rosecrans, born 1884 alive when Lily died in 1939 in Gardenia, CA William Starke Rosecrans, born 1889 alive when Lily died, Los Angeles Charlotte Rosecrans, born in Yellow Springs, Ohio died in infancy
	Rosecrans' Children Etch Attic Window by Cindy Mucher Wedding of Lily Rosecrans and Governor Joseph Kemp Toole of Montana, May 7 1890 Lily and Joseph had 3 sons: Rosecrans, born 1891, Edwin Warren, born July 1893 and Joseph Porter, born December 1896
In Memoriam - Anita Dolores Rosecrans died February 19, 1903 Contributions to the Historical Society of Montana, Volume 5 An online book from Google

Scientist, Inventor
Rosecrans and William Madison Peyton formed the Coal River Navigation Company Coal Heritage Web Site Geology and Warfare: Examples of the Influence of Terrain and Geologists on Military Operations, pages 91-95 By Edward P. F. Rose, C. Paul Nathanail Online book from Google Books Rosecrans' Ambulance designed while in Wheeling at the beginning of the war The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion. (1861-65.) Part III, Volume II, Chapter XV, page 948-949 Provided online by Archives.org

General Rosecrans						Licking County, Ohio, Courthouse Virtual Tour
	Battle of Rich Mountain July 11, 1861 West Virginia Archives and History Site for July 11, 1861 Rich Mountain Revisited by Dallas Shaffer for West Virginia Archives and History, Volume 28, Number 1 (October 1966) pages 16-34
Baltimore American Reports General Rosecrans Defeated Rosecrans Not Defeated, Philadelphia, August 30, 1861 GENERAL ROSECRANS' DIVISION. AFFAIRS IN WESTERN VIRGINIA New York Times, August 31, 1861
		Photo of Rich Mountain from *Family Things by Mim* and the State of West Virginia
Brigadier General W. S. Rosecrans Plans for Western Virginia - March 1862 Letter from Brig-Gen Rosecrans to Brig.-General Thomas Letter reproduced fro War of the Rebellion: Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series 1, volume 5, Serial No. 5, Pages 744-746 Valley of the Shadow Project, University of Virginia April 1862 Letter from Brigadier-General Rosecrans to Edwin W. Stanton, Secretary of War Letter reproduced fro War of the Rebellion: Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series 1, Volume 12, Serial No. 18, Page 89 Valley of the Shadow Project, University of Virginia
Battle of Corinth, Mississippi October 3, 4, 1862 account by Speaker of the House, D. B. Henderson at Rosecrans' interment in Arlington Corinth in the Civil War by Timothy B. Smith for the Mississippi Historical Society shows a print of the battle and a photo of the dead outside Battery Robinette the morning following the battle Speaker Henderson said: "I had the pleasure of serving under his command at the battle of Corinth, and also served with him in the House of Representatives where our relations became intimate and most friendly. He was one of the most fearless officers that I ever saw in battle. He seemed to be unconscious of danger. On the fourth of October, 1862, when the armies of Price and Van Dorn were pressing our lines and symptoms of our falling back were manifest, he suddenly dashed between the Federal and Confederate lines like the very spirit of war. He passed but a few steps in front of where I was. I can feel his presence yet. His hat had blown off. His firmly set face seemed as though he was made for a god of battle. Swinging his sword he called out to us: "Stand by your flag and country, my men!" How he escaped, God only knows. It seemed as though the very air was full of lead, and death was holding high carnival along his pathway, and yet fearless he rode into the very teeth of death, rallying successfully his men for the mighty struggle before them. That splendid, fearless, heroic dash was the death-knell to the armies of Price and Van Dorn. from the Society of the Army of the Cumberland Burial of General Rosecrans from Internet Achives Army of the Cumberland The Rosecrans Influence from Days of Glory: the Army of the Cumberland, 1861-1865 by Larry J. Daniel available online by GoogleBooks Harpers Weekly, November 8, 1862. . . . Major-General William S. Rosecrans on Cover
Battle of Stones River Currier and Ives Painting from Library of Congress
Soldier writes to Sister from Murfreesboro, Tennessee troops building a railroad station Rosecrans Riding into Battle at Stones River where his Chief of Staff Julius Garesché would die Photo from Georgetown University Library Battle of Perrysville and Stones River- Animated from http://HistoryAnimated.com Rosecrans' Campaign with the Fourteenth Army Corps, of the Army of the Cumberland . . . . And Official Reports of the Battle of Stones River by W. E. D., Correspondent of the Cincinnati Commercial Strange Behavior of the Animals. . . A Civil War Christmas Story from Haunted Stones River Battlefield Headless Horseman Haunts Stones River Battlefield by Mike West of The Murfreesboro Press Rosecrans Telegram to the War Department about Garesché from Georgetown University Library Rosecrans and Garesché A poem from Georgetown University Library Biography of Lieut. Col. Julius P. Garesché By Louis Garesché Insert page number 452 to read the account of his burial Google books Letter from General Rosecrans to Major Dallas from Georgetown University Library see General Rosecrans' Headquarters Monument at Stones River on a website by Robert Koch A Savoury Dish for Loyal Men A Book from Harvard Library online from Google contains Letters from General William Starke Rosecrans Cost of necessities in the South and more "Frank" Martin, a Bugler with the Cavalry Frank Martin: Woman Soldier from Women in the Civil War by Larry G. Eggleston Have We a General Among Us? Harper's Weekly, January January 1863 Pauline Cushman, Rosecrans' Spy, March 1863
Tullahoma, June 1863 Outstanding Operation of the War Need for Wagon Trains Article in Murfreesboro Post Posted: Sunday, October 12, 2008 By: MIKE WEST, Managing Editor
		Battle of Chickamauga
Major General Rosecrans and His Staff at Chickamauga Lee and Gordon's Mill on Chickamauga Creek Western Theater's Greatest Battles September 19-20, 1863 Map of Chattanooga New York Herald, September 29, 1863 Comments in the News New York Herald, September 29, 1863 General Rosecrans thru the Eyes of a Brit Site of John Dillon of the United Kingdom Rosecrans and His Chickamauga Battle from Civil War Generalship: The Art of Command by William J. Wood made available by Google Books Chickamauga, Great Battle of the West from The Century Magazine, Volume 33, November 1886 by D. H. Hill a book online from Google New York Times, October 22, 1863 The Rebel Opinion of Rosecrans Originally in the Richmond Examiner, Oct. 26, 1863 reprinted in New York Times, October 30, 1863 Meantime, Lincoln is helping us. He has removed from command the most dangerous man in his army, and put two fools in his place. A variety of mean and damaging pretexts for Rosecrans' removal have been published by the yankee press. But the true reason is that he failed at Chickamauga, and the abolitionist government adheres to its system of dismissing every general who incurs defeat. Lincoln has, however, more reason than usual for the act, if it be true that he desired Rosecrans to stop at Chattanooga and if the latter attempted his Napoleonic operation in Georgia on his own responsibility. That extraordinary slip can only be explained on the ground that the yankee's head had been turned by his success in Tennessee. Rosecrans, thus retired, is unquestionably the greatest captain the yankee nation has yet produced. His performances in the field are too fresh in the memory of reader to necessitate recapitulation. We may mention in proof of his intellectual abilities that he graduated fifth in a class of fifty-six, in which General G. W. Smith graduated eighth and Longstreet fifty-fourth. A Defence of General Rosecrans by H. M. Beadle published in Catholic World, Volume 67, online by Google Books Chattanooga Personal Memoirs of General Grant in The Century Illustrated Magazine, Volume 31, November 1885-April 1886, page 128 Made available online by Google Books The Mistakes of Grant by General William S. Rosecrans The North American Review, Volume 141, page 580-599 edited by Jared Sparks, Edward Everett, James Russell Lowell, Henry Cabot Lodge Available online by Google Books General Garfield at Chickamauga, a paper presented to the Massachusetts Historical Society by Theodore Clarke Smith published by the Society in Volume 48, the proceedings from Oct. 1914 to June 1915 and digitalized by Google books The South: a tour of its battlefields and ruined cities By John Townsend Trowbridge in 1866 digitalized by Google books Letter to the Editor. . . . Throwing Away Victory: Rosecrans's Inglorius Retreat at Chickamauga Signed only as One Who Did Not Retreat New York Times, October 30, 1881 Chickamauga by General John Basil Turchin Available online by Google Books How Thomas Became the Last Commander of the Army of the Cumberland by General W. S. Rosecrans Garfield-Chase-Rosecrans Letter Comments by Thomas Nichols New York Time, March 22, 1882 [Robert E. Lee's Western Virginia campaign], after its plain failure, was virtually abandoned by the Government. Rosecrans was esteemed in the South as one of the best generals the North had in the field. He was declared by military critics, who could not be accused of partiality, to have clearly outgeneraled Lee, who made the entire object of his campaign to "surround the Dutch General." —Edward A. Pollard, Southern History of the War (1865)^[ [The Confederates] have a wholesome regard for me, praise very highly the style of our troops and the tactics on the field of battle. They are more afraid of me than any other general in the service. —Rosecrans letter to his wife, October 22, 1862 Residents Remember the War Walker County, Georgia by James Alfred Sartain, 1932
Photo of General Rosecrans from Annals of the Army of the Cumberland by An Officer J.B. Lippincott & Co., Philadelphia 1863.
Cumberland Author, Thomas A. Van Horne, says "Capt. Gaw Suggested the Return of Garfield and Rosecrans Ordered It" In "John Beatty Diary" Garfield Uses Rosecrans to Climb the Political Ladder from Touched with fire: five presidents and the Civil War battles that made them by James Moorehead Perry available online by Google Books Monument at Chicamauga, September 20, 1863 on a website by Bruce Schulze Major General Rosecrans Mustered Out of the Army December 28, 1865 The United Service Magazine, Volume V, 1866 available online by GoogleBooks.com
Rosecrans in Battle by James R. Gilmore How He Held His Own Against a Vastly Superior Force One of the Incidents at Iuka A General's Tribute to a Brave Soldier Who Risked Death to Save a Regiment The San Francisco call. (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, June 02, 1895, Image 24 - Chronicling America University of California, Riverside, CA West Point in the Making of America Travis Army of the Cumberland Panorama Biographical sketch of Rosecrans in The Union Army, a history of Military Affairs in the Loyal States 1861-65, published in 1908, Photo on 213. Biographical Sketch on 215 available through Internet Archive Men of the Time: being biographies of Hooker, Rosecrans, Grant, McClernand and Mitchell Beadle and Company, 1863 available online by Google Books

Rosecrans, the Politician
Georgia	James R. Gilmore's Personal Reminiscences of Lincoln Gilmore tells of Rosecrans being considered for President and Vice President of the United States as Printed in the New York Times October 8, 1898
Editor Horace Greeley sends Gilmore to sound our Rosecrans to determine if he is the man to save the Union. Greeley was convinced only a military leader could do the job. Garfield: a biography by Allan Peskin available online by GoogleBooks Jacquess - Gilmore Mission, 1863-64 Latest Light on Abraham Lincoln, and War-time Memories .by Ervin S. Chapman available online by GoogleBooks Major General Rosecrans Address a Reception in San Francisco in July 1865 Talks about the Future of Railroads reprinted from The New York Times Archives
Appointed U.S. Minister to Mexico in 1868 Empire and Revolution: The Americans in Mexico since the Civil War by John Mason Hart Excerpts by Google Books
Gen, Rosecrans' Mission at White Sulphur Springs -- Railroad Mission New Your Times, August 27, 1868 White Sulphur Manifesto - August 1868 Mural at the Greenbrier in West Virginia "OHIO POLITICS Democratic State Convention - Nomination of General Rosecrans for Governor-The Platform of the Party Columbus, Ohio, July 7 The Democratic State Convention met at 2 o'clock this afternoon, and organized with Hon. P. Van Trump as president. The following ticket was nominated: For Governor - General W. S. Rosecrans on second ballot" New York Times, July 8, 1869
Popular Government a pamphlet by Josiah Riley and William Starke Rosecrans, 1878 a Harvard College Library book digitalized by Google
Elected to the United States Congress in 1881 and 1884
Appointed Registrar of the U.S. Treasury in 1893

After the War
In California: San Diego In California: Los Angeles Rosecrans' Ranchero becomes Gardena, part of L.A. His home was located on the corner of Vermont and Rosecrans Avenues. Postcard of his home It was torn down in 1950 for part of the redevelopment of the area One of the Incorporators of the Southern Pacific Railroad in 1869 President of the SanDiego and Gila Railroad from The fragmented metropolis: Los Angeles, 1850-1930 by Robert M. Fogelson San Jose Mining Company in Egan Canyon, Nevada - 1872-1883
A Cabinet Photo taken in San Francisco between 1863 and 1878
President Rutherford B. Hayes at the Reunion of the 23rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry in Fremont, Ohio, September 14, 1877 Among the men of Ohio who are most distinguished, perhaps there is none more so for personal gallantry than the general I am about to introduce, by his courage and his personal heroism saved the day in those great decisive battles. He was the first colonel, and with pride the 23rd men always said it, he was the best man of the 23rd Ohio. I want you to greet him as you feel about him. I introduce to you General Rosecrans. General Rosecrans Returns to Delaware County, Ohio May 30, 1884. From the Diary of John Beatty Reprinted in Ohio History, Vol. 59. pages 177 and 178 Society of the Cumberland : Report of the First Meeting of the Society - 1868 tells of Rosecrans naming Army of the Cumberland from Internet Achives
Third Reunion of the Society of the Cumberland Held at Indianapolis, 1869 Photo of General Rosecrans in front W. S. Rosecrans Speech begins on page 72 from Google Books
1891 Reunion at the Chittenden in Columbus, Ohio General Rosecrans is President of the Society, page 3, see n19 *from Internet Achive*					William S. Rosecrans Papers - 1864-1895 at the University of Notre Dame
General WiIliam S. Rosecrans The twentieth century biographical dictionary of notable Americans ... available online at Google Books
Duke Tobacco Album of Civil War Heroes

Rosecrans' Death, Burial and Memorials
March 11, 1898, Seven a.m. " Taps" Sounds for General Rosecrans
March 11, 1898, Seven a.m. GEN. W.S. ROSECRANS DEAD; A Career of Activity and Strife Ended in Retirement on a California Ranch New York Times, March 12, 1898 Burial of General Rosecrans in Arlington National Cemetery on May 17, 1902 Society of the Cumberland Includes letters from his Children from Internet Achives
Photos from Rosecrans Interment in National Cemetery
				Rosecrans Hearse in front of a Church or Speare's Undertaking Chapel at 910 F Street, NW before the Cavalry escorted the hearse to Arlington Hotel for the Funeral Cortege to Arlington National Cemetery
				Arlington Hotel - postcard
				Civil War Veterans in Funeral Cortege
General Rosecrans in Arlington Cemetery Arlington National Cemetery Website see General Rosecrans' Monument in Arlington Cemetery by Thomas Wolke L. W. Mulhane's Tribute: Major-General William Stark Rosecrans posted on Community Library's Big Walnut Memory - Put Rosecrans in Search box

Future Monument to General William S. Rosecrans to be erected in Sunbury, Ohio learn more and be a part of it
THANK YOU
I must take time to give a big Thank You to Thomas Wolke who has been researching General Rosecrans for many years. He has generously forwarded many links and information to include on this page. Thanks, Tom.

						(07/11/2010)